Search results for "varroa destructor"
showing 10 items of 11 documents
Novel mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel of pyrethroid-resistant Varroa destructor populations from the Southeastern USA
2016
The parasitic mite Varroa destructor has a significant worldwide impact on bee colony health. In the absence of control measures, parasitized colonies invariably collapse within 3 years. The synthetic pyrethroids tau-fluvalinate and flumethrin have proven very effective at managing this mite within apiaries, but intensive control programs based mainly on one active ingredient have led to many reports of pyrethroid resistance. In Europe, a modification of leucine to valine at position 925 (L925V) of the V. destructor voltage-gated sodium channel was correlated with resistance, the mutation being found at high frequency exclusively in hives with a recent history of pyrethroid treatment. Here,…
The Odorant-Binding Proteins of the Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae
2021
Spider mites are one of the major agricultural pests, feeding on a large variety of plants. As a contribution to understanding chemical communication in these arthropods, we have characterized a recently discovered class of odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) in Tetranychus urticae. As in other species of Chelicerata, the four OBPs of T. urticae contain six conserved cysteines paired in a pattern (C1–C6, C2–C3, C4–C5) differing from that of insect counterparts (C1–C3, C2–C5, C4–C6). Proteomic analysis uncovered a second family of OBPs, including twelve members that are likely to be unique to T. urticae. A three-dimensional model of TurtOBP1, built on the recent X-ray structure of Varroa destruc…
Mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Varroa mite, a parasite of honey bees, are widespread across the United States.
2021
BACKGROUND Managed honey bees are key pollinators of many crops and play an essential role in the United States food production. For more than ten years, beekeepers in the United States have been reporting high rates of colony losses. One of the drivers of these losses is the parasitic mite Varroa destructor. Maintaining healthy honey bee colonies in the United States is dependent on a successful control of this mite. The pyrethroid tau-fluvalinate (Apistan®) was among the first synthetic varroacides registered in the United States. With over 20 years of use, mites resistant to Apistan® have emerged, and so it is unsurprising that treatment failures have been reported. Resistance to tau-flu…
Large-Scale Monitoring of Resistance to Coumaphos, Amitraz, and Pyrethroids in Varroa destructor
2021
ABSTRACTVarroa destructor is an ectoparasitic mite causing devastating damages to honey bee colonies around the world. Its impact is considered a major factor contributing to the significant seasonal losses of colonies recorded every year. Beekeepers are usually relying on a reduced set of acaricides to manage the parasite, usually the pyrethroids tau-fluvalinate or flumethrin, the organophosphate coumaphos and the formamidine amitraz. However, the evolution of resistance in the populations is leading to an unsustainable scenario with almost no alternatives to reach an adequate control of the mite.Here we present the results from the first, large-scale and extensive monitoring of the suscep…
Bacterial communities associated with the ectoparasitic mites Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps mercedesae of the honey bee (Apis mellifera).
2017
Varroa and Tropilaelaps mites have been reported as serious ectoparasites of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). In this study, bacterial communities associated with Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps mercedesae from northern Thailand were determined, using both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. Adult female mites were collected from apiaries in Chiang Mai and Lampang provinces. Culturable bacteria were isolated from individual mites. On average, we observed approximately 1340 and 1140 CFU/mite in Varroa and Tropilaelaps, respectively. All isolates were assigned to the genus Enterococcus. Six samples of genomic DNA from 30-50 mites were extracted and subjected to pyrosequenc…
Identification of new viruses specific to the honey bee mite Varroa destructor
2019
AbstractLarge-scale colony losses among managed Western honey bees have become a serious threat to the beekeeping industry in the last decade. There are multiple factors contributing to these losses but the impact of Varroa destructor parasitism is by far the most important, along with the contribution of some pathogenic viruses vectored by the mite. So far, more than 20 viruses have been identified infecting the honey bee, most of them RNA viruses. They may be maintained either as covert infections or causing severe symptomatic infections, compromising the viability of the colony. In silico analysis of available transcriptomic data obtained from mites collected in the USA and Europe as wel…
Mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Varroa mites, a parasite of honey bees, are widespread across the USA
2020
ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDManaged honey bees are key pollinators of many crops and play an essential role in the United States food production. For more than 10 years, beekeepers in the US have been reporting high rate of colony losses. One of the drivers of this colony loss is the parasitic mite Varroa destructor. Preserving healthy honey bee colonies in the US is dependent on a successful control of this mite. The pyrethroid tau-fluvalinate (Apistan®) was among the first synthetic varroacide registered in the US. With over 20 years of use, population of mites resistant to Apistan® have emerged, and so it is unsurprising that treatment failures have been reported. Resistance in US mite populations…
Rietumu medusbites (Apis mellifera L.) būtiskāko parazītisko mikrosporīdiju (Nosema spp.) un ērču (Varroa destructor) izplatību un sastopamību ietekm…
2019
Medusbišu, tāpat kā citu apputeksnētāju, skaita samazināšanās Eiropā un pasaulē kopumā saistāma t.sk. ar parazitārām slimībām. Šī pētījuma mērķis ir izpētīt Rietumu medusbišu (Apis mellifera L.) būtiskāko parazītu (Nosema spp., Varroa destructor) izplatību un sastopamību ietekmējošos faktorus Latvijā. Laikā no 2012.-2013. gadam ievākti bišu paraugi no 274 dravām, lai noteiktu to invāzijas slimību sastopamību Latvijas teritorijā. Pētījumā konstatēta Nosema spp. prevalence 49,5% un vidējā intensitāte 8,5x105 sporas uz vienu biti. Savukārt V. destructor prevalence bija 52,3% un vidējā intensitāte 3,0 ērces uz 100 bitēm. Būtiskākie parazītu sastopamību ietekmējošie faktori bitēs Latvijā bijā se…
Honey Bee Suppresses the Parasitic Mite Vitellogenin by Antimicrobial Peptide
2020
AbstractThe negative effects of honey bee parasitic mites and deformed wing virus (DWV) on honey bee and colony health have been well characterized. However, the relationship between DWV and mites, particularly viral replication inside the mites, remains unclear. Furthermore, the physiological outcomes of honey bee immune responses stimulated by DWV and the mite to the host (honey bee) and perhaps the pathogen/parasite (DWV/mite) are not yet understood. To answer these questions, we studied the tripartite interactions between the honey bee,Tropilaelaps mercedesae, and DWV as the model.T. mercedesaefunctioned as a vector for DWV without supporting active viral replication. Thus, DWV negligib…
Resistance to amitraz in the parasitic honey bee mite Varroa destructor is associated with mutations in the β−adrenergic-like octopamine receptor
2021
AbstractVarroa destructor is considered a major reason for high loss rate of Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies. To prevent colony losses caused by V. destructor it is necessary to actively manage the mite population. Beekeepers, particularly commercial beekeepers, have few alternative treatments other than synthetic acaricides to control the parasite, resulting in intensive treatment regimens that led to the evolution of resistance in mite populations.To investigate the mechanism of the resistance to amitraz detected in V. destructor mites from French and U.S. apiaries, we identified and characterized octopamine and tyramine receptors (the known targets of amitraz) in this species…